The North African city state was soon to be its foe in over a century’s struggle for Mediterranean dominance. In the Pyrrhic War Rome allied with Carthage By 264 BC all of Italy was under Roman control. Their defeated Greek opponents had been believed to be the best in the ancient world. Victory in the Pyrrhic War in 275 BC made Rome dominant in Italy This model for integrating vanquished peoples was followed for most of Roman history. After victory in the Latin War, Rome granted citizens’ rights, short of voting, to its conquered foes The last, Tarquin the Proud, was deposed in 509 BC in a revolt lead by Lucius Junius Brutus, the founder of the Roman Republic. Tradition has it that Rome had seven kings before it became a republic Some 200 years after the conquest of Italy had been completed, he wrote 142 books on Rome’s early history, but only 54 survive as complete volumes.
Almost the only source on this period of Roman history is Titus Livius or Livy (59 BC – 17 AD) Regiments of 3,000 infantry and 300 cavalry were called legions and their foundation was ascribed to Romulus himself. From the start Rome had an organised military Packed with immigrating young men, the Romans needed female inhabitants and kidnapped Sabine women, sparking a war that ended with a truce and the two sides joining forces. The new city’s first conflict was with the Sabine people The story was included in the first history of the city, by the Greek writer Diocles of Peparethus, and the twins and their wolf step-mother were depicted on Rome’s first coins. By the fourth century BC, the story was accepted by Romans who were proud of their warrior founder The name Romulus was probably invented to fit the name of the city he was said to have founded on the Palatine Hill before killing his twin.
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